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Forecasting the Fallout from AMR: Economic Impacts of Antimicrobial Resistance in Humans - A report from the EcoAMR series
This report integrates human health burden projections with economic models to provide a comprehensive analysis of the impact of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) on global economies and health systems.
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Mainstreaming antimicrobial resistance interventions into primary health care in Sweden: mission report
This report, jointly developed by WHO and the Public Health Agency of Sweden (PHAS), highlights the application of the people-centred approach to addressing AMR as an integral part of primary health care (PHC) in Sweden.
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Building the evidence for the use of bacteriophage therapy
This report summarizes the outcome from a number of activities, including webinars, expert consultations, and a dedicated workshop that took place in Tbilisi, Georgia, on advancing the evidence for bacteriophages use.
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Global Antimicrobial Resistance and Use Surveillance System (GLASS) report: antibiotic use data for 2022
This report, produced in collaboration with Member States, summarizes estimates of AMU in 2022 and interpretation of the data according to the WHO AWaRe framework, the system developed by WHO to guide preparation of national and institutional lists of essential medicines and treatment guidelines, to meet priority health-care needs while optimizing antibiotic use for common infections.
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Global Report on Infection Prevention and Control 2024
This second global report on IPC provides updated evidence on the harm caused to patients and health workers by HAIs and AMR, and presents an updated global analysis of the implementation of IPC programmes at the national and health care facility levels across all WHO regions.
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Guidance on AMR, AMC, and AMU Surveillance in Africa
This guidance provides countries with a structured, standardized approach to building robust AMR, AMC, and AMU surveillance systems. It covers key areas such as laboratory strengthening, data management (including WHONET and other data tools), and cross-sectoral coordination.
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Guidance on wastewater and solid waste management for manufacturing of antibiotics
This guidance provides essential protocols to minimize the environmental impact of antibiotic production. It emphasizes the proper treatment of wastewater and solid waste to prevent the release of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) that contribute to antimicrobial resistance (AMR).
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The International FAO Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring (InFARM) system
This document provides real-time data to help countries assess the prevalence of AMR in food-producing animals, promote responsible antimicrobial use, and inform policy decisions. It aims to strengthen global efforts to combat AMR through better surveillance and data sharing across the agriculture and food sectors.
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Political Declaration of the High-level Meeting on Antimicrobial Resistance
This document highlights the global commitment to combat antimicrobial resistance (AMR) through coordinated actions across health, agriculture, and environment sectors. It emphasizes the urgent need for strengthened policies, improved surveillance, research, and sustainable funding to address the growing threat of AMR.
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Approaches and tools to help finance and implement national action plans on AMR
This document outlines approaches and tools to finance and implement national action plans on AMR, including government budget allocations, public-private partnerships, international funding mechanisms, and innovative financing solutions.
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African Union AMR Landmark Report: Voicing African Priorities on the Active Pandemic
This document highlights Africa's urgent priorities in combating antimicrobial resistance (AMR). It emphasizes the continent's unique challenges, including inadequate healthcare infrastructure, high infectious disease burden, and limited access to antibiotics.
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African Union Framework for Antimicrobial Resistance Control 2020–2025
This document outlines a comprehensive strategy for addressing antimicrobial resistance (AMR) across the African continent. It focuses on strengthening surveillance systems, promoting responsible use of antimicrobials, and building the capacity of healthcare systems to prevent and control AMR.
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Health Workers’ Education and Training on Antimicrobial Resistance
This guidance document is designed to educate and train health workers on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and its management. The course provides essential knowledge and practical skills to help health professionals effectively combat AMR in clinical settings and community health environments.
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Addressing gender inequalities in national action plans on antimicrobial
This document complements a people-centered approach by integrating gender considerations into AMR strategies. It highlights the different impacts of AMR on men, women, and marginalized groups, emphasizing the need for equitable access to healthcare, antibiotics, and prevention measures.
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Antimicrobial resistance A training resources guide
This guide provides comprehensive resources for training health professionals on antimicrobial resistance (AMR). It aims to equip trainers with the necessary tools and knowledge to effectively educate and engage participants on AMR, its impact, and strategies for management and prevention.
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Stories of AMR: antimicrobial resistance
This AMR photobook uses the power of photography and storytelling to illustrate the urgent reality of AMR. It showcases a collection of candid stories and testimonies from inspiring people from all 53 Member States of the WHO European Region.
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People’s knowledge, attitudes and behaviours pertaining to antimicrobial resistance: cross-sectional survey of 14 Member States in the WHO European Region
Released in September 2024, this report examines public understanding of antibiotic use and antimicrobial resistance (AMR), offering valuable insights into current attitudes and behaviors regarding these critical health issues.
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EQAsia Workshop (Workshop Material)
The EQAsia Workshop focuses on advancing quality and equity in healthcare systems across Asia. This workshop material aims to provide researchers with the tools and knowledge needed to implement effective quality improvement strategies and address health disparities in diverse healthcare settings.
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GLG report: Towards specific commitments and action in the response to antimicrobial resistance
This technical document outlines key recommendations aimed at guiding UN Member States in formulating commitments for the High-level Meeting on AMR in September 2024. It offers a strategic framework for addressing antimicrobial resistance, emphasizing the need for concrete actions to combat this global health threat.
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Stopping the Grand Pandemic: A Framework for Action - Addressing Antimicrobial Resistance through World Bank Operations
This framework outlines a strategic approach for the World Bank to combat antimicrobial resistance (AMR) on a global scale. It emphasizes integrating AMR initiatives into World Bank operations, focusing on enhancing healthcare infrastructure, promoting sustainable agricultural practices, and strengthening regulatory frameworks.
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Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Status in Africa from the One Health approach perspective
This document examines the socioeconomic factors driving antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and its wide-ranging impacts on global health and economies. It explores how poverty, healthcare access, agricultural practices, and pharmaceutical regulations contribute to AMR.
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Global Coalition on Aging, Leading G7 Government Officials, Call for Incentivized Antibiotic Innovation
This document advocates for incentivized innovation in antibiotic development. This initiative aims to address the growing threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) by encouraging the creation of new, effective antibiotics.
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2023 Antibacterial agents in clinical and preclinical development
This publication is a comprehensive overview of antibacterial agents in clinical and preclinical development, addressing the critical issue of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). It aims to inform stakeholders about the latest advancements and challenges in antibacterial innovation.
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Driving action on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in 2024 (Policy briefing)
This policy briefing focuses on urgent measures to combat antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in 2024. It outlines strategic actions for healthcare systems, governments, and stakeholders to curb the rise of resistant infections.
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Meaningful engagement of patients, survivors and carers in addressing antimicrobial resistance
This document was prepared by the WHO Taskforce of AMR Survivors, established in 2023 to give a platform for and elevate the voices of those with experience of complications from drug-resistant infections.
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UK 5-year action plan for antimicrobial resistance 2024 to 2029
This document outlines a strategic approach to combat AMR through accelerated innovation and research, enhanced surveillance and monitoring, rigorous antibiotic stewardship, increased public awareness, and strengthened global collaboration.
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Driving action on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in 2024 (Policy briefing)
This policy briefing focuses on urgent measures to combat antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in 2024. It outlines strategic actions for healthcare systems, governments, and stakeholders to curb the rise of resistant infections.
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Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Status in Africa from the One Health approach perspective
This document examines the socioeconomic factors driving antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and its wide-ranging impacts on global health and economies. It explores how poverty, healthcare access, agricultural practices, and pharmaceutical regulations contribute to AMR.
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Stopping the Grand Pandemic: A Framework for Action Addressing Antimicrobial Resistance through World Bank Operations
This framework outlines a strategic approach for the World Bank to combat antimicrobial resistance (AMR) on a global scale. It emphasizes integrating AMR initiatives into World Bank operations, focusing on enhancing healthcare infrastructure, promoting sustainable agricultural practices, and strengthening regulatory frameworks.
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WHO publishes the WHO Medically Important Antimicrobials List for Human Medicine
The WHO list of medically important antimicrobials for human medicine (WHO MIA List) is a risk management tool that can be used to support decision-making to minimize the impact of antimicrobial use in non-human sectors on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in humans.
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Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Status in Africa from the One Health approach perspective
This factsheet presents a comprehensive overview of the current status of Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) in Africa, examining the situation through the lens of the One Health approach. This document aims to shed light on the key accomplishments, barriers encountered, and the necessary next steps as Africa strives to mitigate the impact of AMR.
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Antimicrobial Resistance Benchmark Opportunities
In this report, the Access to Medicine Foundation identified tailored ‘Opportunities’ for 17 major pharmaceutical companies to combat drug resistance and ensure appropriate access to antimicrobial products, which include lifesaving antibiotics.
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The Global Health Network and BSAC Establish a New Partnership
The Global Health Network and the British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (BSAC) have signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) establishing a framework for collaboration that can maximise the impact of shared antimicrobial resistance education, policy and advocacy efforts.
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Global Database for Tracking Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Country Self- Assessment Survey (TrACSS)
This database gathers crucial data on healthcare systems, regulatory frameworks, and surveillance strategies, fostering international collaboration to address the escalating challenge of AMR on a global scale.
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Knocking Out AMR
This document from the Microbiology Society is a collection to serve as a central hub for the AMR content published in our portfolio. The aim is to promote feasible and effective solutions to AMR through cross-disciplinary and multi-sector collaboration worldwide.
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Advocacy to Drive AMR Policy_A Country Guide
This ‘Country Guide’ provides a practical, step-by-step approach, adaptable to the country context, to: raise AMR on the policy agenda; engage and influence policy-makers; and implement AMR National Action Plans (NAPs).
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People-centred approach to addressing antimicrobial resistance in human health
This document outlines the concept and content of the WHO people-centred approach to addressing antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in the human health sector.
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Global research agenda for antimicrobial resistance in human health
This research agenda is global in scope and focuses on antimicrobial resistance in the human health sector, especially infections caused by the WHO bacterial priority pathogens and WHO fungal priority pathogens.
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A One Health Priority Research Agenda for Antimicrobial Resistance
This research agenda is a guiding tool in One Health AMR research for investment, research activities and planning for countries and funding bodies.
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Health and economic impacts of antimicrobial resistance in the Western Pacific Region, 2020–2030
This document is the first to quantify the health and economic impacts of AMR for seven priority bacteria in the Western Pacific Region, as well as model the future spread and cost implications of AMR from 2020 to 2030.
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Antimicrobial resistance surveillance in Europe 2023 (2021 data)
The results presented in this report are based on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) data from invasive isolates reported to the Central Asian and European Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance (CAESAR) network and the European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Network (EARS-Net) in 2022 (data referring to 2021).
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Draft global strategy on infection prevention and control
This draft GSIPC outlines a clear vision and objectives and identifies a target audience including a wide range of key players for strategy adoption and implementation. |
Prioritization of pathogens to guide discovery, research and development of new antibiotics for drug-resistant bacterial infections, including tuberculosis
This document shows the WHO prioritized list of pathogens to guide discovery, research and development of new antibiotics for drug-resistant bacterial infections, including tuberculosis. |
Critically important antimicrobials for human medicine : 6th revision
This is the WHO Advisory Group on Integrated Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance (AGISAR) ranking of medically important antimicrobials for risk management of antimicrobial resistance due to non-human use. |
WHO research for hand hygiene in health care 2023–2030: summary
This agenda will provide insightful ideas for researchers to focus their projects and funding proposals and will direct donors towards the areas of hand hygiene evidence that require urgent support and innovation. |
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Leveraging Vaccines to Reduce Antibiotic Use and Prevent Antimicrobial Resistance
This document is a strategy developed by WHO to articulate the role of vaccines against AMR, a technical annex to the Immunization Agenda 2030, and an action framework that describes a vision for vaccines to contribute fully, sustainably and equitably to the prevention and control of antimicrobial resistance by preventing infections and reducing antimicrobial use.
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Power Of Antibiotics
This is an initiative via which the Global Antibiotic Research and Development Partnership (GARDP) is sounding the alarm and is calling all stakeholders and people involved to help protect the power of antibiotics.
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Pediatric drug optimization for antibiotics
This document is the result of the WHO's facilitated paediatric exercise for antibiotics to ensure that research and development efforts in this field target a priority list of medicines, ensuring that children with bacterial infections can also rapidly benefit from safe, effective and accessible treatment options
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FAO publishes antimicrobial resistance terms in different languages
To avoid misunderstandings and inconsistent interpretations, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) published the Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Terms in various languages: Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Khmer, Korean, Mongolian, Nepali, Portuguese, Russian and Spanish.
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A pocket guide for ministers across sectors
This guide is developed by the Global Leaders Group on Antimicrobial Resistance to serve as a reference book for Ministers and relevant authorities based on country-specific arrangements.
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Kenya national action plan on antimicrobial resistance: review of progress in the human health sector
This policy brief provides a review of the current progress on implementing the Kenya national action plan on AMR, it identifies critical gaps, and highlights findings to accelerate further progress in the human health sector.
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The WHO AWaRe (Access, Watch, Reserve) antibiotic book
This antibiotic book provides concise, evidence-based guidance on the choice of antibiotic, dose, route of administration, and duration of treatment for more than 30 of the most common clinical infections in children and adults in both primary health care and hospital settings.
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Global antimicrobial resistance and use surveillance system (GLASS) report: 2022
This report marks the end of the early implementation phase of GLASS. The report provides a summary of five years of national AMR surveillance data contributed to GLASS from its initiation, presents AMR findings in the context of progress of country participation in GLASS and in global AMR surveillance coverage and laboratory quality assurance systems at (sub)national level.
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WHO fungal priority pathogens list to guide research, development and public health action
This list is the first global effort to systematically prioritize fungal pathogens, considering their unmet research and development (R&D) needs and perceived public health importance.
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WHO Costing and Budgeting Tool for National Action Plans on Antimicrobial Resistance
The purpose of this document is to support countries in costing prioritized activities of an operational plan linked to their AMR national action plan, and identify existing funding and funding gaps to promote resource mobilization and sustainable implementation.
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2022 SPECIAL REPORT: COVID-19 U.S. Impact on Antimicrobial Resistance
This special report focuses on the impact COVID-19 had on the fight against antimicrobial resistance in the United States and it calls on all stakeholders to galvanize resources to curtail the escalating spread of resistant strains in different settings.
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WHO strategic priorities on antimicrobial resistance: preserving antimicrobials for today and tomorrow
This document highlights the key achievements and next steps of the WHO Antimicrobial Resistance Division at Headquarters, Geneva, indicating what has been done and areas for improvement.
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Global report on infection prevention and control Executive summary
This global report on IPC provides a global situation analysis of how IPC programmes are being implemented in countries around the world and highlights the harm to patients and health workers caused by healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) and AMR.
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